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山東省泰安市2017年中考?xì)v史真題試題（含解析）
2017年5月14日“一帶一路”國際高峰論壇在北京舉行。中國政府提出的共建“絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶”和“21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路”（即“一帶一路”）的戰(zhàn)略構(gòu)想，得到了與會(huì)各國的認(rèn)可。閱讀材料，回答問題。材料一 公元l世紀(jì)時(shí)，古羅馬博物學(xué)家普林尼在其被譽(yù)為百科全書式的著作《自然史》中把中國叫做“絲之國”，古羅馬的貴族都以穿著中國絲綢為榮。他還說中國出產(chǎn)的鋼很硬，質(zhì)地很好。17世紀(jì)以來，許多歐洲國家的宮廷和王公貴族更是竟相購藏中國的瓷器、漆器和絲綢、剎繡，甚至不惜重金到中國定做，運(yùn)回國內(nèi)珍藏起來。
山東省聊城市2017年中考?xì)v史真題試題（含解析）
材料一 魏晉以來，官員大都從各地高門權(quán)貴的子弟中選拔。權(quán)貴子弟無論優(yōu)劣，都可以做官。許多出身低微但有真才實(shí)學(xué)的人，卻不能到中央和地方擔(dān)任高官?！浴吨袊鴼v史》材料二 科舉制度的最大合理性在于它那“朝為田舍郎，暮登天子堂”式的“機(jī)會(huì)均等”……的機(jī)制，對(duì)知識(shí)分子的社會(huì)心理是一種塑造，客觀上激勵(lì)了個(gè)人的奮斗精神?！匝γ鲹P(yáng)《中國傳統(tǒng)文化概論》（1）材料一、材料二中選拔官吏的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分別是什么？（4分）（2）根據(jù)材料二，分析科舉制度的作用。（4分）
山東省濰坊市2017年中考?xì)v史真題試題（含解析）
材料一 （隋唐開始的）科舉選官制度，使一些本來無立錐之地的平民書生，通過科場也得以晉身于官僚、貴族的行列，其中包括著一大批極為出色的、有著高度文化素養(yǎng)的政治家和行政管理專家。這樣以來，在社會(huì)的等級(jí)階層之間，也就必然會(huì)出現(xiàn)等級(jí)中的升降、甚至貴賤間的對(duì)流，這種流動(dòng)性同時(shí)為那些原來既非官僚、也不是地主的人步入官僚隊(duì)伍，提供了可能性?！幾院健对囌摽婆e對(duì)中國古代政治制度的影響》（1）據(jù)材料一并結(jié)合所學(xué)知識(shí)，概括科舉制對(duì)中國古代政治的影響。（4分）
浙江省寧波市2017年中考?xì)v史真題試題（含解析）
【順時(shí)而變的孫中山】孫中山的一生就是“不斷在挫折中修正自己”的一生。如19世紀(jì)末到20世紀(jì)初，他從一個(gè)“社會(huì)改良者”逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)“民主革命者”，實(shí)現(xiàn)了一次偉大的轉(zhuǎn)變。（1）分析促進(jìn)孫中山從“社會(huì)改良者”逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)“民主革命者”的社會(huì)背景。
四川省樂山市2017年中考?xì)v史真題試題（含解析）
（1）以下表述，與材料一信息一致的，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上相應(yīng)的括號(hào)內(nèi)劃“√”；違背了材料信息的，請(qǐng)?jiān)谙鄳?yīng)的括號(hào)內(nèi)劃“×”；材料信息沒有涉及的，請(qǐng)?jiān)诶ㄌ?hào)內(nèi)劃“○”。（4分）①新中國的外交政策是和平共處五項(xiàng)原則。（ ）②新中國成立初期，團(tuán)結(jié)亞、非、拉美國家是我國外交的重點(diǎn)。（ ）③美蔣特務(wù)制造了企圖謀害周恩來等中國代表的“克什米爾公主號(hào)事件”。（）④20世紀(jì)70年代， 我國結(jié)束了同美國、日本長期對(duì)立的僵局，實(shí)現(xiàn)了關(guān)系正?；?。（ ）
江蘇省鹽城市2016年中考?xì)v史真題試題（含解析）
26．材料一 經(jīng)過一番辛苦打造，由王室宗親建立的諸侯國對(duì)周王室的向心力大大加強(qiáng)，同時(shí)也建立起一種類似后來的中央與地方的關(guān)系．----《細(xì)講中國歷史叢書．西周史》材料二 秦兼天下，建皇帝號(hào)，立百官之職．漢因循而不革，明簡易，隨時(shí)宜也．----《漢書》卷十九《百官宮卿表》中國君主專制就本質(zhì)而言非常原始，卻與一個(gè)受過教育的“現(xiàn)代”官僚隊(duì)伍（文官）并存．----費(fèi)爾南．布羅代爾《文明史》 材料三 秦漢時(shí)期，城鄉(xiāng)地位極為崇高．拜相時(shí)，皇帝要施大禮，因此才有“拜相”一說，然而到了明太祖朱元璋，竟把丞相給廢除了，從此丞相在中國就成了一個(gè)歷史名詞．----《古老中國的發(fā)展傳奇》閱讀材料，回答問題：（1）據(jù)材料一指出西周在政治上推行什么制度？這種制度有什么積極作用？（2）據(jù)材料二并結(jié)合所學(xué)知識(shí)指出秦的“百官之職”中負(fù)責(zé)檢察的官職名稱．材料中“受過教育的‘現(xiàn)代’官僚隊(duì)伍”是通過考試而產(chǎn)生的，這種考試應(yīng)開始于何時(shí)？（3）據(jù)材料三并結(jié)合所學(xué)知識(shí)分析朱元璋廢除丞相的主要目的．（4）綜合上述材料我們可以看出：中國古代政治制度的發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)出專制主義統(tǒng)治逐步加強(qiáng)的趨勢(shì)，你認(rèn)為專制主義統(tǒng)治不斷加強(qiáng)的后果是什么？
湖北省黃岡市2017年中考?xì)v史真題試題（含解析）
材料一十八世紀(jì)，封建王朝統(tǒng)治下的法國是個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)國，但資本主義工商業(yè)已經(jīng)有了很大的發(fā)展，資本主義的發(fā)展，要求沖破封建制度的束縛。1789年7月，法國大革命爆發(fā)?！攀兰o(jì)上半期，俄國資本主義已經(jīng)有所發(fā)展。在歐洲工業(yè)革命的影響下，還出現(xiàn)了手工勞動(dòng)逐步被機(jī)器生產(chǎn)取代的趨勢(shì)。但俄國落后的農(nóng)奴制限制了自由勞動(dòng)力的供應(yīng)和國內(nèi)市場的開拓……1861年，沙皇亞歷山大二世批準(zhǔn)了廢除農(nóng)奴制的法令。﹣﹣摘編自《世界歷史》九年級(jí)上冊(cè)教材
山東省煙臺(tái)市2016年中考?xì)v史真題試題（含解析）
26．（15分）（2016?煙臺(tái)）科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步對(duì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展有著重要的影響．閱讀材料完成下列要求． 材料一 宋元時(shí)期，是我國古代發(fā)展的高峰時(shí)期，這一時(shí)期的科技，是在隋唐經(jīng)濟(jì)高度繁榮基礎(chǔ)上的延續(xù)．宋朝結(jié)束了五代十國以來長期分裂割據(jù)和混戰(zhàn)的局面．那時(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，城市繁榮，航海和對(duì)外貿(mào)易空前活躍，元朝實(shí)現(xiàn)了全國性的統(tǒng)一，中外經(jīng)濟(jì)文化交流頻繁．兩大因素的結(jié)合，使宋元文化突飛猛進(jìn)，涌現(xiàn)出一批著名的科學(xué)家和文學(xué)家、藝術(shù)家，反映了那個(gè)時(shí)期我國科學(xué)技術(shù)在世界上的領(lǐng)先地位．﹣《宋元時(shí)期的科技成就》（1）根據(jù)材料概括宋元時(shí)期科技發(fā)展的原因，結(jié)合所學(xué)指出宋元時(shí)期在四大發(fā)明方面的成就．
2022年北京市中考英語真題（原卷版）
When itcomes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. Alife filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, whatmakes a meaningful life?Manyresearchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): havinglong-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s lifefits together and “makes sense”.But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimeslife enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open toappreciating (欣賞) suchexperiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We callthis experiential appreciation (EA).
2022年湖南省懷化市中考英語真題（原卷版）
___14___, I think an interest in Englishis very important. When I was in Grade Three, we had a new ___15___ — English,it was new for me. I was interested in it. I worked hard at it. Soon we had anEnglish exam and I got a very good mark. How ___16___ I was! After that,I learned English harder. Our English teacher often teaches us English songs,and ___17___ sound nice. I often think how interesting English is!
2022年湖南省常德市中考英語真題（原卷版）
Bike-to-Work Day is held every year across NorthAmerica on the third Friday of May. It was started by the League ofAmerican Bicyclists in 1956. Its aim is to promote (促進(jìn)) the bicycle as a seriouschoice of getting to and from work. In today’s world where global warming is aserious issue, the bicycle is a perfect way of reducing our carbon (碳) footprint.
2022年湖南省邵陽市中考英語真題 （原卷版）
“We thankall the Chinese people for their support and encouragement. Our thanks also goto our workmates who took part in the mission (任務(wù)) and worked with us allthe time,” Zhai said to the reporter after he landed on the ground. “It is thepower and strength of our country that built the high-flying space station. Iam proud of our great motherland.”
2022年湖南省湘潭市中考英語真題（原卷版）
Fiveyears ago, Jennifer, a girl from Australia, came to Xiangtan University tostudy Chinese. There she fell in love with Chinese culture and met her husband,who is a local (當(dāng)?shù)氐? young man. They got married after she finishedher study. Since then, she has started her new life in Xiangtan City.
2022年貴州省黔東南州中考英語真題（原卷版）
Electric cars may seem like a recent invention,but they have been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were ___16___electric cars on the road than gasoline（汽油）cars, because at that time,gasoline was expensive compared with other fuels（燃料）, electriccars were more popular.
2022年湖南省郴州市中考英語真題（原卷版）
A passenger told an air hostess（空姐）thathe needed a cup of water to take his medicine when the plane just took off. Shetold him that she would bring him the ___11___ in ten minutes.
2022年湖南省長沙市中考英語真題（原卷版）
In ourdaily lives, we are often given some boring or tiring tasks. What’s in yourmind when your mom tells you to clean the floor? Have you ever wanted tocomplain（抱怨）? I think most people have.
2022年湖南省衡陽市中考英語真題（原卷版）
The boy named Li Banghua is from Hefei. AnhuiProvince. He made the plane completely by himself. The plane is 0.6 meterswide, has a wingspan (翼展) of 4.4 meters and weighs about 40 kilograms.According to a local report, Li just finished his high-school entrance exam ayear ago and got good grades.
2022年湖南省岳陽市中考英語真題（原卷版）
FIFA World Cup is one of the biggest sportsevents in the world. It ___11___ every 4 years. The first World Cup wasin 1930. It has a history of over 90 years. During the World Cup, ___12___fans watch the games and cheer for their favorite teams or players. We haveknown some famous football players from the football competitions, such asBeckham, Messi, and Figo. They have excited football fans for many years.
2022年湖南省永州市中考英語真題（原卷版）
Parentsand children often face the challenges of money. Common topics include settingpocket money, learning to save, and deciding to buy expensive things. The goalof most parents is to teach their kids how to deal with money wisely. The goalof most kids is getting money to spend. How can families achieve these goals?
湖北省天門、仙桃、潛江、江漢油田2021年中考語文試題（解析版）
長安早春旅懷白居易軒車歌吹喧都邑，中有一人向隅立。夜深明月卷簾愁，日暮青山望鄉(xiāng)泣。風(fēng)吹新綠草芽坼，雨灑輕黃柳條濕。此生知負(fù)少年春，不展愁眉欲三十。